Cudurrada neurodegenerative(NDDs) waxaa lagu gartaa luminta horumarka ama luminta joogtada ah ee dad gaar ah oo nugul neerfaha gudaha maskaxda ama xudunta lafdhabarta. Kala soocida NDDs waxay ku saleysnaan kartaa shuruudo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan qaybinta anatomical ee neurodegeneration (sida cilladaha ka baxsan pyramidal, hoos u dhaca hore ee hore, ama spinocerebellar ataxias), cilladaha unugyada asaasiga ah (sida amyloid-β, prions, tau, ama α-synuclein), ama astaamaha sclerosis ee waaweyn sida tropinsic sclerosis. iyo waallida). Iyadoo ay jiraan kala duwanaanshiyahan kala soocida iyo soo bandhigida calaamadaha, xanuunada sida Parkinson's Disease (PD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), iyo Alzheimer's Disease (AD) waxay wadaagaan hababka aasaasiga ah ee asaasiga ah ee keena cillad maskaxeed iyo dhimashada unugyada ugu dambeyntii.
Iyada oo malaayiin adduunka ah ay saameeyeen NDDs, Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka ayaa ku qiyaasay in 2040, cudurradani ay noqon doonaan sababta labaad ee dhimashada ugu badan ee dalalka horumaray. Iyadoo ay jiraan daaweyno kala duwan oo la heli karo si loo yareeyo loona maareeyo calaamadaha la xiriira cudurrada gaarka ah, hababka wax ku oolka ah ee hoos loogu dhigo ama lagu daaweeyo horumarka xaaladahan ayaa ah kuwo aan muuqan. Daraasadihii ugu dambeeyay waxay muujinayaan isbeddel ku yimid qaababka daawaynta oo laga beddelay maaraynta calaamadaha oo keliya si loo isticmaalo hababka ilaalinta unugyada si looga hortago inay sii xumaato. Caddaynta ballaaran ayaa soo jeedinaysa in cadaadiska oksaydhiyaha iyo bararka ay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan neurodegeneration, meelaynta hababkan sida bartilmaameedyada muhiimka ah ee ilaalinta gacanta. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, cilmi-baaris aasaasi ah iyo kiliinikada ayaa daaha ka qaaday awoodda Daaweynta Oxygen-ka ee Hyperbaric (HBOT) ee daaweynta cudurrada neerfayaasha.
Fahamka Daaweynta Ogsajiinta Hyperbaric (HBOT)
HBOT caadi ahaan waxay ku lug leedahay cadaadiska sii kordhaya ee ka sarreeya 1 jawiga saxda ah (ATA) - cadaadiska heerka badda - muddada 90-120 daqiiqo, inta badan waxay u baahan tahay kalfadhiyo badan iyadoo ku xiran xaaladda gaarka ah ee la daweynayo. Cadaadiska hawada ee la xoojiyay wuxuu hagaajiyaa bixinta oksijiinta unugyada, taas oo iyaduna kicisa kororka unugyada asliga ah waxayna kor u qaadaysaa hababka bogsashada ee ay dhexdhexaadiyaan arrimo koritaanka qaarkood.
Asal ahaan, codsiga HBOT waxaa lagu aasaasay sharciga Boyle-Marriott, kaas oo dhigaya hoos u dhigista cadaadiska ku-tiirsanaanta gaaska, oo ay weheliso faa'iidooyinka heerarka oksijiinta sare ee unugyada. Waxaa jira cuduro kala duwan oo loo yaqaan inay ka faa'iideystaan gobolka hyperoxic ee ay soo saarto HBOT, oo ay ku jiraan unugyada necrotic, dhaawacyada shucaaca, dhaawacyada, gubashada, cilladda qaybta, iyo gangrene gaaska, iyo kuwo kale oo ay ku qoran yihiin Undersea iyo Hyperbaric Medical Society. Waxaa xusid mudan, HBOT waxay sidoo kale muujisay waxtarka daaweynta isku-dhafan ee noocyada kala duwan ee caabuqa ama cudurrada faafa, sida colitis iyo sepsis. Marka la eego hababka ka-hortagga-bararka iyo oksijiinta, HBOT waxay bixisaa karti la taaban karo oo ah dariiqa daaweynta cudurrada neurodegenerative.
Daraasadaha hore ee Daaweynta Ogsajiinta Hyperbaric ee Cudurrada Neerfaha: Aragtida Model Mouse 3 × Tg
Mid ka mid ah daraasadaha caanka ahdiiradda lagu saaray qaabka 3×Tg mouse ee cudurka Alzheimers (AD), kaas oo soo bandhigay awoodda daaweynta ee HBOT ee hagaajinta cilladaha garashada. Cilmi-baadhistu waxay ku lug lahayd 17-bilood oo lab ah 3×Tg jiirarka marka la barbar dhigo 14-bilood lab C57BL/6 jiirarka oo u adeegaya sidii kontaroolo. Daraasadu waxay muujisay in HBOT aysan wanaajinaynin shaqada garashada oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale waxay si weyn hoos ugu dhigtay caabuqa, culeyska xuubka, iyo fosforyaalka Tau - geeddi-socod muhiim ah oo la xidhiidha pathology AD.
Saamaynta ilaalinta HBOT waxaa loo aaneeyay hoos u dhaca neuroinflammation. Tani waxaa lagu caddeeyey hoos u dhigista faafinta microglial, astrogliosis, iyo dheecaanka cytokines pro-inflammatory. Natiijooyinkani waxay xooga saarayaan doorka labanlaabka ah ee HBOT si kor loogu qaado waxqabadka garashada iyadoo isla mar ahaantaana la yareynayo hababka neerfaha ee la xidhiidha cudurka Alzheimers.
Qaab kale oo qumman ayaa loo adeegsaday 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) jiirarka si loo qiimeeyo hababka ilaalinta HBOT ee shaqada neuronal iyo awoodaha dhaqdhaqaaqa. Natiijooyinku waxay muujiyeen in HBOT ay gacan ka gaysatay kor u qaadista dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo xajinta xoogga jiirarkan, iyada oo la xiriirta kororka calaamadaha biogenesis-ka mitochondrial, gaar ahaan iyada oo loo marayo firfircoonida SIRT-1, PGC-1a, iyo TFAM. Tani waxay muujineysaa doorka muhiimka ah ee shaqada mitochondrial ee saameynta neuroprotective ee HBOT.
Farsamooyinka HBOT ee Cudurrada Neurodegenerative
Mabda'a hoose ee ka faa'iidaysiga HBOT ee NDDs waxay ku jirtaa xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya sahayda oksijiinta oo yaraatay iyo u nuglaanshaha isbeddelada neurodegenerative. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) waxay ka ciyaartaa door dhexe oo ah qodob qoraal ah oo awood u siinaya la qabsiga gacanta si ay u yareyso xiisadda oksijiinta waxayna ku lug leedahay NDDs kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan AD, PD, Huntington's Disease, iyo ALS, iyaga oo calaamadinaya bartilmaameed muhiim ah oo daroogo ah.
Sababtoo ah da'da oo ah arrin halis weyn u ah xanuunada neurodegenerative ee badan, baaritaanka saameynta HBOT ee neerfayaasha gabowga waa muhiim. Daraasaduhu waxay muujiyeen in HBOT ay wanaajin karto cilladaha garaadka da'da ee maadooyinka caafimaadka qaba.Intaa waxaa dheer, bukaannada waayeelka ah ee qaba naafonimada xusuusta weyn waxay muujiyeen horumar garasho iyo kororka socodka dhiigga maskaxda ka dib soo-gaadhista HBOT.
1. Saamaynta HBOT ee bararka iyo Cadaadiska Oxidative
HBOT waxay muujisay awoodda lagu yareeyo xanuunka neuroinflammation ee bukaanka qaba cillad maskaxeed oo daran. Waxay leedahay awood ay ku dejiso cytokines pro-inflammatory (sida IL-1β, IL-12, TNFα, iyo IFNγ) iyadoo kor u qaadeysa cytokines-ka-hortagga caabuqa (sida IL-10). Cilmi-baarayaasha qaarkood waxay soo jeedinayaan in noocyada oksijiinta falcelinta (ROS) ee ay dhaliso HBOT ay dhexdhexaadiyaan dhowr faa'iidooyin faa'iido leh oo daaweynta ah. Sidaa awgeed, marka laga reebo ficilkeeda yaraynta cadaadiska ku-tiirsan ee xumbo-yaraynta iyo helitaanka dheecaanka oksijiinta unugyada sare, natiijooyinka togan ee ku xidhan HBOT waxay qayb ahaan ku xidhan yihiin doorarka jireed ee ROS-da la soo saaray.
2. Saamaynta HBOT ee Apoptosis iyo Neuroprotection
Cilmi baaris ayaa muujisay in HBOT ay yarayn karto fosforyaalka hippocampal ee p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), ka dib hagaajinta garashada iyo yaraynta dhaawaca hippocampal. Labada HBOT ee taagan iyo marka lagu daro Ginkgo biloba soosaarka ayaa la ogaaday inay hoos u dhigaan muujinta Bax iyo waxqabadka caspase-9 / 3, taasoo keentay hoos u dhaca heerarka apoptosis ee moodooyinka jiirka ee ay keentay aβ25-35. Intaa waxaa dheer, daraasad kale ayaa muujisay in HBOT-hor-u-dhigista ay keentay dulqaad ka dhan ah ischemia maskaxda, oo leh habab ku lug leh kororka SIRT1 muujinta, oo ay weheliyaan heerarka B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) oo la kordhiyay iyo hoos u dhigista firfircoonida-3, taas oo hoosta ka xariiqaysa HBOT's neuroprotective iyo guryaha anti-apoptotic.
3. Saamaynta HBOT ee wareegga iyoNeurogenesis
Soo bandhigida maaddooyinka HBOT ayaa lala xiriiriyay saameyno badan oo ku saabsan nidaamka xididada xididada cranial, oo ay ku jiraan kor u qaadida xannibaadaha dhiigga-maskaxda, kor u qaadista angiogenesis, iyo yaraynta bararka. Marka lagu daro bixinta sahayda ogsijiinta oo kordhay unugyada, HBOTkobciyaa samaynta xididdada dhiiggaiyada oo la dhaqaajinayo qodobbada qoraalka sida vascular endothelial factor koritaanka iyo iyada oo la kicinayo badinta unugyada stem neural.
4. Saamaynta Epigenetic ee HBOT
Daraasaduhu waxay daaha ka qaadeen in soo-gaadhista unugyada unugyada xuubka unugyada microvascular ee bini'aadamka (HMEC-1) ee oksijiinta hyperbaric ay si weyn u maamulaan gen 8,101, oo ay ku jiraan labadaba kor u kaca iyo tibaaxaha la xakameeyey, taas oo muujinaysa kororka muujinta hiddaha ee la xidhiidha waddooyinka jawaab-celinta antioxidant.
Gabagabo
Isticmaalka HBOT waxa ay samaysay horumaro la taaban karo in muddo ah, iyada oo caddaynaysa helitaankeeda, isku halaynta, iyo badbaadada ku-dhaqanka bukaan-socodka. Iyadoo HBOT loo sahamiyay inay tahay daawaynta ka baxsan calaamada NDDs oo cilmi-baadhisyo la sameeyay, waxaa weli jirta baahi adag oo loo qabo daraasado adag si loo habeeyo dhaqamada HBOT ee lagu daaweynayo xaaladahan. Cilmi-baaris dheeraad ah ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah in la go'aamiyo soo noqnoqoshada daaweynta ugu fiican iyo in la qiimeeyo baaxadda saameynta faa'iidada leh ee bukaanka.
Marka la soo koobo, isgoysyada oksijiinta hyperbaric iyo cudurada neurodegenerative waxay muujinayaan soohdin rajo leh oo ku saabsan fursadaha daweynta, damaanad qaadka sahaminta joogtada ah iyo ansixinta goobaha caafimaadka.
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-16-2025